The remote monitoring method based on air-quality monitoring sensors is a common way to monitor the FSC (fuel sulfur content) of oils for ships. Considering the influences of geographical environments, atmospheric conditions, regional ship traffic flow, emission characteristics of ships, and height of monitoring sensors on the monitor station chosen, a new method was proposed to optimize the site selection for monitoring the FSC of fuel oils used by ships in waters of the port. SO2 numeric simulation and observation from sensors were integrated to estimate the FSCs. The proposed method was utilized to recommend the sites of the fixed sniffing monitoring stations in Yantian port, Shenzhen, China from June and July 2018. The results showed that the experimental stations could monitor FSCs, and the relative difference between the estimated and actual FSCs of ships was 16.34%. The proposed method for recommending sites of FSC monitoring sensors contributed to intelligently supervising air pollutants emitted from ships and fuel oils of ships in the emission control areas of China.@en

A method is proposed for remotely detecting sulfur content in fuel oil used by ships in emission control areas (ECAs) based on the direct collection of SO2 emission data from the plume of the ship and numerical simulation models. Assuming a ship in the ECA uses fuel oil with compliance fuel sulfur content (FSC), activity-based ship emission assessment model is firstly utilized to calculate the SO2 concentration emitted from the ship. Numerical simulation models are then used to estimate the theoretical SO2 diffusion concentration at the location of the monitoring equipment. The observed SO2 concentration at the same time can then be integrated to estimate the FSC of the ship. A sample of eleven ships was selected to verify the proposed method in Yantian port, Shenzhen, China in June 2018. The result illustrates that the method can remotely detect ships using fuel oil with the FSC greater than 0.146%m/m in the ECAs, the relative error is 46%.@en

In recent years, with the development of shipping industry, the mass of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions originating from ships is also increasing rapidly. To reduce the GHG emissions from ships, designing the optimised routes with higher energy use efficiency is becoming more important for ships navigating in short seas. Based on the innovative application of energy efficiency operational index (EEOI), a route optimisation model is established. To solve the model, we divide one single voyage into several voyage segments and consider the variable speed across voyage segments. Then the navigation strategy is used to find out the sailing route of the minimum EEOI value, this sailing route is called as the green route. Finally, numerical experimental results show that the EEOI values of the experimental groups which used the optimised navigation method are 4.67%-16.95% lower than that of the control group. The results demonstrate that the green route designed in this paper can effectively improve the energy use efficiency of ships.@en