The emergence of electric mobility in urban public transportation, with a particular focus on electric buses, presents a promising solution to address emissions and environmental concerns. However, a significant challenge lies in ensuring continuous bus operation without the need for frequent charging. In-motion charging (IMC), often referred to as dynamic charging, is a concept engineered to overcome this challenge.

A comprehensive study was undertaken to know the potential and practicality of intercity IMC buses. A bus model was developed to assess the power traction capabilities of these vehicles. This model served as the foundation for exploring four distinct charging scenarios, each characterized by varying charging powers and strategies. An investigation into the battery load profiles observed in intercity IMC buses across the different charging scenarios was done. This was essential for understanding the intricacies of power demand, especially in scenarios where the bus relies heavily on catenary charging. Notably, the introduction of in-motion charging in the first scenario (IMC only) underscored the critical role of catenary charging power in meeting operational demands. Subsequent integration of a stationary charging system at Arnhem Central showcased the potential to reduce catenary charging power, offering prospects for enhancing battery health. IMC with opportunity charging and overnight charging were also explored.

The second part of the thesis delved into the comparative effect of various charging scenarios on the aging of commonly employed battery chemistries in IMC vehicles. Using comprehensive battery models, the aging dynamics under diverse conditions were studied. It became evident that each scenario held distinct implications for battery aging.

Lastly, the study addressed the pivotal question of cost-effective battery selection for intercity IMC buses. An exploration of four distinct scenarios, in conjunction with different battery chemistries, yielded valuable insights into their respective performances. Lithium-titanate (LTO) batteries consistently emerged as the preferred choice. Their extended lifespan, reduced replacement frequency, and overall cost-effectiveness positioned them as the frontrunners in the context of intercity IMC bus systems. This consensus held across most scenarios, underscoring the practicality of LTO batteries.

In conclusion, the transportation sector's substantial impact on greenhouse gas emissions and urban air quality necessitates innovative and sustainable solutions. Intercity IMC buses, along with optimal battery selection and charging strategies, represent a promising avenue for sustainable urban transportation. Among battery chemistries, LTO batteries was proven to be the most cost-effective choice for powering intercity IMC bus operations.