Background: Preterm neonates are extensively monitored to require strict oxygen target attainment for optimal outcomes. In daily practice, detailed oxygenation data are hardly used and crucial patterns may be missed due to the snapshot presentations and subjective observations. This study aimed to develop a web-based dashboard with both detailed and summarized oxygenation data in real-time and to test its feasibility to support clinical decision making. Methods: Data from pulse oximeters and ventilators were synchronized and stored to enable real-time and retrospective trend visualizations in a web-based viewer. The dashboard was designed based on interviews with clinicians. A preliminary version was evaluated during daily clinical rounds. The routine evaluation of the respiratory condition of neonates (gestational age < 32 weeks) with respiratory support at the NICU was compared to an assessment with the assistance of the dashboard. Results: The web-based dashboard included data on the oxygen saturation (SpO₂), fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂), SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio, and area < 80% and > 95% SpO₂ curve during time intervals that could be varied. The distribution of SpO₂ values was visualized as histograms. In 65% of the patient evaluations (n = 86) the level of hypoxia was assessed differently with the use of the dashboard. In 75% of the patients the dashboard was judged to provide added value for the clinicians in supporting clinical decisions. Conclusions: A web-based customized oxygenation dashboard for preterm neonates at the NICU was developed and found feasible during evaluation. More clear and objective information was found supportive for clinicians during the daily rounds in tailoring treatment strategies.

Introduction: Evaluation of pharmacotherapy during intensive care treatment is commonly based on subjective, intermittent interpretations of physiological parameters. Real-time visualization and analysis may improve drug effect evaluation. We aimed to evaluate the effects of the respiratory stimulant doxapram objectively in preterm infants using continuous physiological parameters. Methods: In this longitudinal observational study, preterm infants who received doxapram therapy were eligible for inclusion. Physiological data (1 Hz) were used to assess respiration and to evaluate therapy effects. The oxygen saturation (SpO₂)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) ratio and the area under the 89% SpO₂ curve (duration × saturation depth below target) were calculated as measures of hypoxemia. Regression analyses were performed in 1-h timeframes to discriminate therapy failure (intubation or death) from success (no intubation). Results: Monitor data of 61 patients with a median postmenstrual age (PMA) at doxapram initiation of 28.7 (IQR 27.6-30.0) weeks were available. The success rate of doxapram therapy was 56%. Doxapram pharmacodynamics were reflected in an increased SpO₂ and SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio as well as a decrease in episodes with saturations below target (SpO₂ <89%). The SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio, corrected for PMA and mechanical ventilation before therapy start, discriminated best between therapy failure and success (highest AUC ROC of 0.83). Conclusion: The use of continuous physiological monitor data enables objective and detailed interpretation of doxapram in preterm infants. The SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio is the best predictive parameter for therapy failure or success. Further implementation of real-time data analysis and treatment algorithms would provide new opportunities to treat newborns.