Bringing design practices to chemistry education is gaining interest with recent science curriculum reforms emphasising design, and calls for integrated STEM education. Design is a central practice in the chemistry discipline, and could foster meaningful chemistry education. Although chemistry teachers are key in bringing design to chemistry classrooms, and in realising design’s potential for learning, little is known about their views on teaching and learning regarding design. To reduce this gap in literature, we explored chemistry teachers’ pedagogical ideas in the context of a Dutch professional learning community on design in chemistry education. We elicited teachers’ ideas through semi-structured interviews and lesson forms which teachers kept while implementing a design project. Multiple patterns emerged through analysing teachers’ ideas. We found that the teachers did not see teaching design as a goal of chemistry education. Instead, teachers valued design as a teaching approach to engage students in applying chemistry concepts, in developing soft skills, and in applying or developing research practices. In this paper, we present more patterns in teachers’ ideas, and discuss possible explanations of these findings in depth. Finally, we give suggestions for future research, and teacher professional development that may help support a change to bring design into chemistry education.

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In this chapter, we discuss a methodology to analyse student teachers' personal pedagogical content knowledge (pPCK) development in a chemistry teacher education programme using PCK-oriented forms for lesson planning, evaluation and reflection. We unravel the student science teachers' development of pPCK in terms of (1) developmental steps, (2) pPCK components and (3)moderating personal factors. Our method relies on authentic data sources only, namely student teachers' products based on assignments in their teacher training programme. By combining three analytical frameworks, we were able to characterise individual differences within the student teachers' pPCK development for chemistry teaching. Such results can inform new ways of tailored scaffolding of this development in student teachers.

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In design-based education, students use scientific concepts to inform their artifact-making endeavors. On the other hand, artifactmaking activities are meant to deepen students' conceptual understanding. However, no strategy has been described that explicitly links conceptual development and artifact-making endeavors in computer science design projects in an authentic way. To fill this gap, in this 'work in progress' study, we developed an instructional model for fusion designing and conceptual learning in CS education. A key component of the model is the 'intermediate design products' which play a critical role in connecting designing and conceptual learning. The model served to develop exemplary lesson materials meant to enhance students' algorithmic thinking. The materials were implemented and evaluated in four classes. The results suggest the model provides opportunities to improve students' algorithmic thinking. Furthermore, intermediate products turn out to be promising inputs for (formative) assessment of conceptual development in design projects by capturing and revealing students' misconceptions about basic CS concepts.

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