Disaster risk, climate change, and poverty

Assessing the global exposure of poor people to floods and droughts

Journal article (2018)

Authors

H.C. Winsemius Deltares, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Brenden Jongman The World Bank, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Ted I.E. Veldkamp Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Stephane Hallegatte The World Bank
Mook Bangalore London School of Economics and Political Science, The World Bank
P. J. Ward Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Published Date

01-06-2018

Language

English

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Abstract

People living in poverty are particularly vulnerable to shocks, including those caused by natural disasters such as floods and droughts. This paper analyses household survey data and hydrological riverine flood and drought data for 52 countries to find out whether poor people are disproportionally exposed to floods and droughts, and how this exposure may change in a future climate.Wefind that poor people are often disproportionally exposed to droughts and floods, particularly in urban areas. This pattern does not change significantly under future climate scenarios, although the absolute number of people potentially exposed to floods or droughts can increase or decrease significantly, depending on the scenario and region. In particular, many countries in Africa show a disproportionally high exposure of poor people to floods and droughts. For these hotspots, implementing risk-sensitive land-use and development policies that protect poor people should be a priority.