Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration

Conference paper (2024)

Authors

J.C.F. de Winter Human-Robot Interaction - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
J. C.F. de Winter Human-Robot Interaction - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
Research Group
Human-Robot Interaction (Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering) (TU Delft)
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Published Date

2024

Language

English

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Faculty

Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering

Department

Cognitive Robotics

Research Group

Human-Robot Interaction

Abstract

The emerging use of automated driving systems introduces novel situations that may affect the safety of vulnerable road users such as cyclists. In this paper, we explain and conceptualise the phenomenon of phantom braking – sudden and unexpected deceleration – in automated vehicles. We apply signal detection theory to interpret phantom braking as a by-product of automated decision-making, with the vehicle favouring the avoidance of accidents at the cost of potentially causing rear-end accidents. To illustrate phantom braking and its effects on cyclists, we used a newly developed cycling simulator. An exploratory measurement conducted with a single cyclist participant revealed a possible complacency effect of the cyclist, with the cyclist’s decision-making mirroring the automated vehicle’s decision-making. The findings provide a testament to using cycling simulators for further exploration of the effects of phantom braking on cyclists.

Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Innovative Training Networks (ITN); SHAPE-IT; Grant number 860410

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005212

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